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Sharma, P. L.
- Studies on the Parasitoids of the Serpentine Leaf Miner, Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess) in Tomato Ecosystem under Mid Hill Condition of Himachal Pradesh
Abstract Views :219 |
PDF Views:144
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Entomology and Apiculture, Dr Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (HP) 173230, IN
1 Department of Entomology and Apiculture, Dr Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (HP) 173230, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 25, No 4 (2011), Pagination: 320-322Abstract
The species diversity of parasitoids of the serpentine leaf miner, Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess) in tomato ecosystem was conducted under mid hill conditions of Himachal Pradesh during 2008–2010. The tomato leaves were collected periodically from June to September from three strata i.e. bottom, middle and top portion of the plants at random. During the course of study four species of larval parasitoids viz., Neochrysocharis formosa (Westwood), Diglyphus sp., Asecodes sp. and Chrysocharis sp. belonging to the family Eulophidae and one species of larval-pupal parasitoid, Opius sp. belonging to the family Braconidae were identified. These parasitoids were active throughout the cropping season and the parasitization ranged from 6.0 - 21.1, 19.4 - 28.6 and 13.6 - 23.1 per cent during 2008, 2009 and 2010, respectively. It was maximum (20.1 - 28.6%) during the month of August. Marginally higher parasitization (14.3 - 26.7%) was observed in the middle stratum of the foliage than in top (11.1 - 24.0%) or bottom (6.7 - 20.0%) stratum during all the three years of study. Among the larval parasitoids, N. formosa was the predominant species (81.5%), whereas, other parasitoids such as Diglyphus sp., Chrysocharis sp. and Asecodes sp. comprised of 7.4, 7.4 and 3.7 per cent of the total population of the larval parasitoids.Keywords
Liriomyza trifolii, Parasitoids, Serpentine Leaf Miner, Tomato.Full Text
References
- Bhat, D. M., Bhagat, R. C. and Qureshi, A. A. 2009. Record of some hymenopterous parasitoids of serpentine leaf miner, Liriomyza trifolii in vegetable ecosystems in Kashmir. Indian Journal of Plant Protection, 37: 188–189.
- Chen, X. F., Lang, Z., Xu, J. H. and Ma, Y. 2003. The occurrences of leaf miners and their parasitoids on vegetables and weed in Hangzhou Area, Southeast China. Biological Control, 48: 515–527.
- Durairaj, C., Karthikeyan, G., Ganapathy, N. and Karuppuchamy, P. 2010. Predisposition effect of Liriomyza trifolii damage to Alternaria leaf spot disease in tomato. Karnataka Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 23: 161–162.
- Fisher, N., Ubaidillah, R., Reina, P. and Lasalle, J. 2008. Liriomyza parasitoids of Southeast Asia. www.ento.csiro.au Gencer, L. 2002. A study on the Chalcidoid (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) parasitoids of leaf miner, Chromatomyia hortcola. (Diptera: Agromyzidae) in Ankara Province. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 28: 119–122.
- Gencer, L. 2005. Chalcidoid parasitoids of Chromatomyia horticola (Gour.) (Diptera: Agromyzidae) in Sivas Province, Turkey. Journal of Pest Science, 78: 41–43.
- Hansson, C. and Lasalle, J. 1996. Two new eulophid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Eulophidae) of Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess) (Diptera: Agromyzidae). Oriental Insects, 30: 193–202.
- Kapadia, M. N. 1994. Host range and over seasoning of the serpentine leaf miner, Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess). Journal of Applied Zoological Research, 5: 43–44.
- Kapadia, M. N.1995. Population, parasitism and parasitoids of Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess) on summer host plants and its record as a disease carrier. International Journal of Tropical Agriculture, 13: 273–275.
- Kaushik, R. 1999. Bio-ecological studies on the serpentine leafminer, Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess). Ph.D. Thesis, Dr YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (H.P.) India. 169 p.
- Parrella, M.P., Jones, V. P., Youngman, R. R. and Lebeck L. M. 1985. Effect of leaf mining and leaf stippling of Liriomyza spp. on photosynthetic rates of chrysanthemum. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 78: 90–93.
- Evaluation of Some Microbial Pesticides Against Apple Stem Borer, Aeolesthes Sp. in Himachal Pradesh
Abstract Views :326 |
PDF Views:152
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Entomology and Apiculture, Dr YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, Himachal Pradesh 173 230, IN
1 Department of Entomology and Apiculture, Dr YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, Himachal Pradesh 173 230, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 27, No 3 (2013), Pagination: 211–213Abstract
Apple stem borer, Aeolesthes sp. is a serious pest in apple orchards in Himachal Pradesh. For its suppression, microbial biopesticides viz., Beauveria bassiana, Beauveria brongniarti, Metarhizium anisopliae (5 x 107 conidia/gallery), Steinernema feltiae, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (5000 infective juveniles (IJ)/ live gallery) and econeem plus (having 1% azadirachtin @ 0.5%) were evaluated. The experiment was conducted for two years during 2007-08 and 2008-09 at Temperate Horticulture Research station, Kotkhai, District Shimla. These biopesticides were compared with the recommended insecticides,dichlorvos (0.1%) and chlorpyriphos (0.04%) and control (emulsified water, 0.02%). Before applying the treatments, all the holes except one present in each branch were plugged with mud paste.The leftover hole was then cleared with the help of flexible aluminium wire and the treatment was given with the help of syringe. Thereafter, the leftover hole was also plugged with mud paste.To calculate percent mortality, the larvae which opened any of the holes in the branch or made new hole to push out the excreta were considered as live and those which remained closed throughout as dead. In this experiment, B. bassiana, B. brongniartii, M. anisopliae, H. bacteriophora, S. feltiae, econeem, chlorpyriphos, dichlorvos and control resulted in 33.3, 66.7, 37.5, 80, 20, 100, 100, 100 and 40 percent mortality during 2007-08 and 33.3, 33.3, 66.7, 33.3, 33.3, 66.7, 100, 100 and 0.00 per cent mortality during 2008-09 respectively. Among different biopesticides, M. anisopliae, B. brongniartii and cconeem plus were the best treatments resulting in 66.7 and 100 per cent mortality of stem borer larvae.Keywords
Aeolesthes Sp., Apple, Biopesticides, Stem Borer.Full Text
References
- Chamrev, AS and Davenport, CF. 2004. Identification and control of agricultural plant pests and diseases in Khorezm and Republic of Karakalpakstan, Uzbekistan (8) ZEF Work Papers Sustainable Development in Central Asia, 1–32.
- Mohi-Uddin S, Munazah Yaqoob, Ahmed MDJ, Ahmed SB. 2009. Management of apple stem borer, Aeolesthes sarat Solsky (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in Kashmir. Env Ecol. 27: 931–933.
- Verma SC, Thapa CD. 2005. Present status of major insectpests and diseases of apple in Chamba district and technological Iinterventions by Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Chamba. Acta Horticulturae 696: 415–418.
- New Record of Nesidiocoris tenuis (Reuter) (Hemiptera: Miridae) Associated with Bemisia tabaci Gennadius (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) on Tomato from Maharashtra, India
Abstract Views :232 |
PDF Views:120
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Entomology, Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan- 173 230, Himachal Pradesh, IN
1 Department of Entomology, Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan- 173 230, Himachal Pradesh, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 28, No 2 (2014), Pagination: 117–118Abstract
Nesidiocoris tenuis Reuter (Hemiptera: Miridae) associated with Bemisia tabaci Gennadius on tomato is recorded for the first time from Maharashtra, India. A minor to moderate level of the predator population was observed during the survey.Keywords
Nesiodiocoris tenuis, Bemisia tabaci, Tomato.Full Text
References
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- Gonzalez-Cabrera J, Molla'O, Monto'n H, Urbaneja A 2011. Efficacy of Bacillus thuringiensis (Berliner) in controlling the tomato borer, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). BioControl 56: 71-80.
- Patel NG. 1980. The bionomics and control measures of tobacco bug, Nesidiocoris tenuis Reuter (Miridae:Hemiptera). Gujarat Agric Uni Res J. 5(2): 60
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- Sanchez JA. 2009. Density thresholds for Nesidiocoris tenuis (Heteroptera: Miridae) in tomato crops. Biol Control 51: 493-498.
- Sanchez JA, Lacasa A. 2008. Impact of the zoophytophagous plant bug Nesidiocoris tenuis (Heteroptera: Miridae) on tomato yield. J Econ Entomol. 101: 1864-1870.
- Sangha KS, Singh J, Mahal MS, Dhaliwal ZS. 1995. Sampling plan for estimating population of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) on American cotton. Pest Mgmt Econ Zool. 3(1): 7-11.
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- Urbaneja A, Gonzalez-Cabrera J, Arno J, Garbarra R. 2012. Prospects for the biological control of Tuta absoluta in tomatoes of the mediteranean basin. Pest Mgmt Sci. 68: doi 10.1002/ps.3344
- A Public Key Cryptosystem Using Normal Bases Over Finite Fields
Abstract Views :344 |
PDF Views:1
Authors
P. L. Sharma
1,
Kiran Devi
1
Affiliations
1 Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla 171 005, IN
1 Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla 171 005, IN
Source
International Journal of Technology, Vol 6, No 2 (2016), Pagination: 143-149Abstract
Normal bases and matrices are widely used in cryptography to enhance the speed of cryptographic algorithms and provide security to the messages which travel through the insecure channels. We propose a public key cryptosystem using normal bases and trace mapping of normal elements over finite fields.Keywords
Normal Basis, Trace Mapping, Normal Element, Finite Field, Helical Traverse Form.
- Balanced Incomplete Block Design (Bibd) Using Hadamard Rhotrices
Abstract Views :216 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
P. L. Sharma
1,
S. Kumar
1
Affiliations
1 Department of Mathematics, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla - 171005, IN
1 Department of Mathematics, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla - 171005, IN
Source
International Journal of Technology, Vol 4, No 1 (2014), Pagination: 62-66Abstract
Hadamard matrices have received much attention in the recent past, owing to their well-known and promising applications. Various researchers have used Hadamard matrices to find their applications in image analysis, signal processing, coding theory, cryptology and combinatorial designs. Now, Hadamard rhotrices have been introduced in the literature for the above said applications. Balanced incomplete block design has its wide use in design of experiments in statistics and error-correcting codes. Design of experiments has broad applications across all the natural and social sciences, and engineering. Here, in the present paper, we develop balanced incomplete block design (BIBD) using Hadamard rhotrices.Keywords
Hadamard Matrix, Hadamard Rhotrix, Incidence Matrix, Balanced Incomplete Block Design.- An Application of Finite Field in Hill Cipher
Abstract Views :177 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
P. L. Sharma
1,
S. Sharma
1
Affiliations
1 Department of Mathematics, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla - 171005, IN
1 Department of Mathematics, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla - 171005, IN
Source
International Journal of Technology, Vol 4, No 1 (2014), Pagination: 248-251Abstract
Lester S. Hill in 1929 introduced non-singular matrices to encrypt and decrypt the message in the symmetric key cryptography. Block ciphers designing and cryptographic hash functions have the use of matrices. Here, we introduce permutations, iterations and finite field in the Hill cipher to provide more security and make it free from vulnerable attacks.Keywords
Encryption, Decryption, Finite Field, Hill Cipher.- Modified Hill Cipher Using Vandermonde Matrix and Finite Field
Abstract Views :180 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
P. L. Sharma
1,
M. Rehan
1
Affiliations
1 Department of Mathematics, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla - 171005, IN
1 Department of Mathematics, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla - 171005, IN
Source
International Journal of Technology, Vol 4, No 1 (2014), Pagination: 252-256Abstract
Cryptography is the science which provides confidentiality, authenticity and integrity to the users over the prevailing insecure communication channels. Encryption is the transformation of data into some unreadable form. The purpose is to ensure privacy by keeping the information hidden from anyone for whom it is not intended, even those who can see the encrypted data. Decryption is the reverse of encryption; it is the transformation of encrypted data back into some intelligible form. Encryption and decryption require the use of some secret information, usually referred to as a key. Hill cipher in cryptography is a symmetric key substitution algorithm, which is vulnerable to known plain text attack. We modify the existing Hill cipher by using Vandermonde matrix and introducing the elements of finite field which provides more security to the said cipher.Keywords
Plain Text, Symmetric Key, Hill Cipher, Finite Field, Vandermonde Matrix.- Spatial Distribution of Cabbage Aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae (L.) and its Parasitoid, Diaeretiella rapae (Mc Intosh) Under Sub-Temperate Conditions of Himachal Pradesh, India
Abstract Views :306 |
PDF Views:146
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Entomology, Dr Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan - 173230, Himachal Pradesh, IN
1 Department of Entomology, Dr Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan - 173230, Himachal Pradesh, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 33, No 2 (2019), Pagination: 103-108Abstract
Cabbage aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae (L) (Aphididae: Hemiptera) is one of the most serious pest of cauliflower throughout the world. Knowledge of spatial distribution is important for developing an effective sampling plan and ultimately for IPM strategies for a given pest. In the present study spatial distribution of B. brassicae and its parasitoid, Diaeretiella rapae (Mc lntosh) (Braconidae: Hymenoptera) was studied on cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var botrytis) under sub-temperate conditions of India during 2017. Both B. brassicae and D. rapae assumed activity in the fourth week of January and remained active till May end with peak activity during fourth week of March, 2017. Dispersion indices like variance to mean ratio (σ2/X), David-Moore index (IDM = σ2/X-1), mean crowding (X*), Lloyd’s mean crowding index (X*/X) and ‘k’ of negative binomial indicated that both the aphid and the parasitoid followed negative binomial distribution throughout the cropping season, Taylor’s power equation was σ2 = 1.7013X0.5314 for B. brassicae and σ2 = 2.2057X1.4467 for D. rapae, while Iwao’s patchiness regression equation was X*= 32.0099+1.7947X and X*= -2.0678+2.2746X for B. brassicae and D. rapae, respectively. Optimum number of samples required varied with the mean density and the desired precision level for both the aphid and the parasitoid.
Keywords
Brevicoryne brassicae, Diaeretiella rapae, Dispersion, Parasitoid, Spatial Distribution.Full Text
References
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- Thermal Requirements of Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) and Influence of Temperature on its Population Growth on Tomato
Abstract Views :280 |
PDF Views:113
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Entomology, Dr YSP University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan - 173230, Himachal Pradesh, IN
1 Department of Entomology, Dr YSP University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan - 173230, Himachal Pradesh, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 34, No 1 (2020), Pagination: 73-81Abstract
The present study deals with the impact of temperature on development, survival, reproduction and population growth of a recently invaded and the most destructive pest of tomato, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) with the aim to understand its possible expansion in different agro-climatic zones. Though T. absoluta was able to develop between 15° and 35°C, temperature around 25°-30°C was more suitable. Survival and fecundity were highest at 25°C and lowest at 35°C. Developmental threshold for different developmental stages of the pest varied from 6.2 to 9.5°C, while the thermal constant required by the insect to complete the development from egg to adult emergence was 500 degree-days. Population growth parameters were also influenced significantly by the rearing temperature. Intrinsic rate of increase, net reproductive rate and finite rate of increase was higher at 25° and 30°C as compared to other temperature regimes. The study concludes that T. absoluta can be a serious pest of tomato in mid-hills of north-western Himalayan region and the southern plains of India where temperatures varies between 15-35°C. Furthermore, the developmental threshold values indicate that the pest can develop and survive at temperatures as low as 6-9°C without entering the diapause as long as the food is available.Keywords
Fecundity, Reproduction, Survival, Temperature, Tuta absoluta.Full Text
References
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